GROWTH AND MATURATION

Physical development across the lifecycle has received relatively little attention in the literature. The majority of research deals with young adulthood. More research on growth and maturation is needed!



Anonymous. (1981). Handbook of cross-cultural human development. New York: Garland STPM Press.

ABSTRACT: Topic discussions include: evaluation of human behavior development; body size and form among ethnic groups of infants, children, youths, and adults; a cross-cultural perspective on sex differences and on the female life cycle, etc.

KEYWORDS: Body size; Child Psychology; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Body form


Anonymous. (1981). Accepting my body: Physical development in adolescence. Newton, Massachusetts: EDC School and Society Programs.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body image; Adolescent psychology


Anonymous. (1985). Body dimensions of the school population. London: H.M.S.O.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body size; Body dimensions


Anonymous. (1986). Thin dreams. (Videocassette). Ottawa: The board.

ABSTRACT: The presentation combines documentary-style interviews with a dramatic improvisation to explore some of the personal, familial, and societal issues surrounding the drive toward thinness. Geared toward young women between the ages of ten and 21 as a tool for both the prevention and treatment of eating disorders.

KEYWORDS: Body image; Eating disorders


Anonymous. (1988). I hate my body. (Videocassette). Springfield, Massachusetts: WGBY-TV.

ABSTRACT: Six young female high school students explore their feelings about themselves. The video also attempts to find out if parental support can make a difference in creating a positive self-image.

KEYWORDS: Body image; Self-acceptance; Adolescent psychology


Anonymous. (1991). Nobody's perfect. (Videocassette). Fargo, ND: NDSU Extension Service.

ABSTRACT: The presentation has been designed to help young people to deal with their perceptions, attitudes and behaviors regarding their physical appearances.

KEYWORDS: Body image; Self-perception in children


Anonymous. (1993). The perfect body. (Videocassette). Seattle: Intermedia.

ABSTRACT: The thin body is the cultural ideal for women in western society. Although this ideal is unrealistic and unhealthy for most women, many women have turned to dieting, over-exercise, cosmetic surgery, and eating disorders. This video explores some of the current cultural messages and personal pressures that entice women to strive for this ideal.

KEYWORDS: Body image


Anonymous. (1993, November). A great body at 20, 30, 40. Glamour, 91, 1993.

ABSTRACT: Stay fit and get more from workouts at any age.

KEYWORDS: Body


Anonymous. (1994). Beyond the looking glass: Self-esteem and body image. (Videocassette). Human Relations Media.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Adolescence; Body image


Anonymous. (1994). How do you feel about your body. Prevention, 46(1), 75.

ABSTRACT: A woman-to-woman survey

KEYWORDS: Body


Anonymous. (1994). Health: Positive self-image and body image-a crucial link. Journal, 60(3), 29.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body; Self-image; Body image; Health


Arsuaga, J., Carretero, J. (1994). Multivariate analysis of the sexual dimorphism of the hip bone in a modern human population and in early hominids. American Journal of Physical Anthropology., 93(2), 241.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Hip bone; Modern human ; Early Humans


Bell, W. (1987). Body size, shape, body composition, and aerobic power during growth and development: a longitudinal study of physically active boys 12 to 16 years of age. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Wales.

ABSTRACT: This thesis has analyzed the results of a longitudinal study between active and sedentary boys between the ages of 12 and 16 years. Measurements were taken of body size, shape, body composition, and estimated maximal oxygen uptake. ... (abridged)

KEYWORDS: Fitness; Growth and Development


Bell, W. (1987). Body size, body composition, and aerobic power during growth and development: a longitudinal study of physically active boys 12-16 years of age. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Wales(United Kingdom).

ABSTRACT: This thesis has analyzed the results of a longitudinal study between active and sedentary boys between the ages of 12 and 16 years. Measurements were taken of body size, shape (Heath-Carter somatotype), body composition (density), and estimated maximal oxygen uptake.
Peak velocity and the age at which it occurred were determined for height, weight, fat-free mass, fat mass, and maximal oxygen uptake using incremental and polynomial techniques. No significant differences were found between active and sedentary boys. ...(abridged)
Heart rates at an oxygen uptake of 1.5 1/min. were lower in active than sedentary boys, reflecting indirectly the superior fitness levels of active boys.

KEYWORDS: Body size; Body shape; Body composition; Height; Weight
Fat-free mass/fat mass


Bemben, M. G., Massey, B. H., Bemben, D. A., & Boileau, R. A. (1995). Age-related patterns in body composition for men aged 20-79 years. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 27(2), 264.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body; Body composition


Blyth, D. A. (1981). The effects of physical development on self-image and satisfaction with body image for early adolescent males. Research in Community and Mental Health, 2, 43-73.

ABSTRACT: The study measured the height, weight, early pubertal development and body leanness of 274 White seventh graders. Results indicated that early pubertal development had some positive effects: subjects who were growing the fastest had the highest levels of self-esteem once their weight or height were controlled.

KEYWORDS: Self-esteem


Blyth, D. A., Simmons, R. G., & Zakin, D. F. (1985). Satisfaction with body image for early adolescent females: The impact of pubertal timing within different school environments. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 14(3), 207-225.

ABSTRACT: The study evaluated data on 210 White female sixth graders in a longitudinal study which followed the subjects from the seventh through the tenth grades. The study examined the interrelations of school environments, physical development, and social and psychological development with the incorporation these changes into body image. Results support the strength of the cultural ideal of thinness for women, but no other hypothesis had consistent support. The findings indicated the need to consider a multiplicity of factors in relation to specific body image dimensions.

KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Body image; Adolescence


Borms, J. (1965). Relationships between selected maturity, physique, body size and motor factors and the gross and relative strength of ten, thirteen, and sixteen year old boys. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Oregon.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body size; Anthropometry


Brenner, D., & Hindsdale, G. (1978). Body build stereotypes and self-identification in three age groups of females. Adolescence, 8(52), 551-561.

ABSTRACT: A study to determine the behavioral characteristics that three different age groups of females frequently associate with different body types. The study concluded that female students predominantly favor the mesomorph body profile.

KEYWORDS: Body type; Body image; Physical measurements; Overweight; Body build

Brodie, D. A., Bagley, K., & Slade, P. D. (1994). Body image perception in pre- and postadolescent females. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 78(1), 147-154.

ABSTRACT: The study examined whether the process of adolescence is a contributory factor to ratings of both perceived and ideal body-image (BI). A distorting mirror and silhouette pictures were used to examine BI in two groups of 59 pre- and 41 postadolescent girls (mean age 9.3 and 14.1 years, respectively). The subjects' perception of themselves was reasonably accurate, yet both groups had a significantly slimmer mean ideal BI, irrespective of adolescent status. Scores from the mirror and the pictures question the assumption that BI dissatisfaction is a postadolescent phenomenon.

KEYWORDS: Body satisfaction; Body image


Brown, R. D. (1985). Effects of a strength training program on strength, body composition, and self-concept of females. Dissertation Abstracts International, 46(09), 2615A, Brigham Young University.

ABSTRACT: The study determined the effects of a strength training program on strength, body composition, and self-concept in young and mature women. A sample of 43 subjects completed 12 weeks of weight training, while 42 acted as controls. The mature experimental (ME) and young experimental (YE) groups showed significant (p<.05) increases in strength as compared to the control groups. The magnitude of self-concept change was the same for the ME and YE groups, indicating that this strength program had similar effects on self-esteem regardless of age.

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Body composition; Self-concept


Brylinksy, J. A., & Moore, J. C. (1994). The identification of body build stereotypes in young children. Journal of Research in Personality, 28(2), 170.

ABSTRACT: The study applied semantic differential procedures in the identification of body build stereotypes using 368 kindergarten children through 4th grade. Subjects rated thin, average, chubby body build drawings of children using twelve bipolar adjectives. Data reveal a more positive view of the socially desirable traits of the thin stereotype by girls than boys. The thin stereotype remains constant across age while the unfavorable perception of the chubby stereotype appears between 1st and 2nd grade.

KEYWORDS: Body cathexis; Body build


Bunnell, D. W., Cooper, P. J., Hertz, S., & Shenker, I. R. (1992). Body shape concerns among adolescents. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 11(1), 79-83.

ABSTRACT: A body shape questionnaire (BSQ) of 5 adolescent samples (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa/BN, subclinical BN, subclinical anorexia nervosa, non-eating-disordered adolescent female controls) was administered. Results show that subjects with BN had the highest levels of body dissatisfaction. Significant body shape concerns are particular features of patients with BN, but some body shape concerns are common among non-eating-disordered adolescent females.

KEYWORDS: Body shape


Caruso, B. W. (1978). Body image and self-esteem in black and white boys in elementary school. Unpublished master's thesis, California State University, Northridge.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Body image


Casey, V. A., Dwyer, J. T., Coleman, K. A., & Valadin, I. (1992). Body mass index from children to middle age: A 50 year follow up. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 56(1), 14-18.

ABSTRACT: The tracking of body mass index (BMI) over a 50 year period in a longitudinal study was examined by using both correlation coefficients and the Foulkes-Davis tracking index. Over the long term, BMIs before maturity were poor predictors of middle-aged BMI status in females, but were good predictors males. The prediction of ponderosity in middle age from BMIs early in life is more reliable for males than for females.

KEYWORDS: Body Size; Body weight; Sex differences


Cash, T. F., & Green, G. K. (1986). Body weight and body image among college women: Perception, cognition, and affect. Journal of Personality Assessment, 50(2), 290-301.

ABSTRACT: The study recruited 36 female undergraduates with stable body weights. Each subject was asked to respond to a general weight information questionnaire and the Body-Self Relations Questionnaire, a standardized instrument assessing affective, cognitive, and behavioral components of appearance-related body image. A newly developed apparatus and procedure for estimating body size, the Body Image Detection Device (G.A. Ruff and B.A. Barrios) was utilized for perceptual and cognitive measures of body image. Findings suggest that the perceptual, affective, and cognitive components of body image differed as a function of body weight, but the nature of the differences varied with the measure employed.

KEYWORDS: Body size; Body weight; Body image


Cavanaugh Fowler, B. (1983). The relationship between body image perception and weight status in the adolescent female. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Cincinnati.

ABSTRACT:(None)

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Body image; Adolescent female


Chinn, S., Rona, R., Gulliford, M., & Hammond, J. (1992). Weight-for-height in children aged 4-14 years. A new index compared to the normalized body mass index. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 046(7), 489.

ABSTRACT:(None)

KEYWORDS: Weight; Height; Children; Normal


Chopra, D. (1994). Ageless body, timeless mind. (Cassette Recording). Niles, Illinois: Nightingale-Conant.

ABSTRACT:(Breaking the myths of aging, ten new assumptions about the body, reinterpreting the body, the healing power of awareness, exercises for using the power of awareness, etc.

KEYWORDS: Body


Chow, L. W. C. (1944). A study of the height and weight of Chinese school children in some northern California cities. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Pacific, Stockton, California.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Stature; Chinese American Children


Chumlea, W. C., Roche, A. F., & Webb, P. (1984). Body size, subcutaneous fatness and total body fat in older adults. International Journal of Obesity, 8(4), 311-317.

ABSTRACT: A study of the relationships among several measures of body size and subcutaneous fat (SF) to estimates of total and percentage body fat (from body density measurements) were conducted on a study group of 21 females and 24 males, ages 54-85. The results show that men had larger body sizes and significantly less percentage body fat and arm and leg SF than women. No differences in trunk SF or total body fat were noted between sexes.

KEYWORDS: Body size; Body fat


Cohn, L. D., & Adler, N. E. (1992). Female and male perceptions of ideal body shapes: Distorted view among Caucasian college students. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 16(1), 69-79.

ABSTRACT: The study examined whether women estimate the desirability of thin figures among female peers. Using body silhouettes, 87 college women and 118 college men indicated the size of their own body figure, their ideal figure, the figure most attractive to other sex peers, and the figure most attractive the same sex peers. Findings show the female silhouette that women selected as most attractive to same sex peers was significantly thinner than the silhouette that women actually selected as most desirable. College men also misjudged the body preference of the same sex peers, exaggerating the extent to which other men perceived large physiques as ideal and desirable.

KEYWORDS: Body size; Body image


Cooper, D. M., Poage, J., Barstow, T. J., & Springer, C. (1990). Are obese children truly unfit: Minimizing the confounding effect of body size on the exercise response. The Journal of Pediatrics, 116(2), 223-230.

ABSTRACT: The study tested the hypothesis that obese children are unfit in terms of abnormal responses to exercise testing consistent with reduced levels of habitual physical activity. Using a new analytic strategies, the study found that child's obesity is not a reliable indicator of poor fitness but that testing cardiorespiratory responses to exercise can be used to identify subjects with serious impairment and to individualize therapy.

KEYWORDS: Body size; Obesity; Physical activity; Respiration rate


Curtis-Korstange, K. G. (1989). Increasing body image satisfaction in normal adolescent females. Unpublished master's thesis, Western Michigan University.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body image; Adolescence


Davies, E., & Furnham, A. (1986). Body satisfaction in adolescent girls. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 59(3), 279-287.

ABSTRACT: The study examined body satisfaction in 4 age groups of 182 female British adolescents. Overall satisfaction with 9 body features declined from age 12 to 18 years, particularly upper thigh, buttocks, and stomach measurements. Results suggest that body satisfaction declines during adolescence and is linked to psychological self-esteem and excessive dieting.

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Body satisfaction


De Ridder, C., Thijssen, J., Bruning, P., Van den Brande, J., & Zonderland, M. (1992). Body fat mass, body fat distribution, and pubertal development: a longitudal study of physical and hormonal sexual maturation of girls. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 75(2), 422.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body


Devlin, D. I. (1990). Attitude toward physical activity and body image of more and less active older adults. Unpublished master's thesis, Washington State University, Pullman.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body image; Physical fitness; Self-perception


Dipietro, L., Caspersen, C. J., Ostfeld, A. M., & Nadel, E. R. (1993). A survey for assessing physical activity among older adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 25(5), 628-642.

ABSTRACT: The study administered the Yale Physical Activity Survey (YPAS) to 222 healthy older volunteers (aged 60-86 years) to establish its 2-week repeatability and relative validity. For subjects in the validation substudy weekly energy expenditure and daily hours spent sitting, correlated with resting disatolic blood pressure, while YPAS activity dimension summary index correlated positively with estimated VO-sub(2max) and inversely with percent body fat. The YPAS index of vigorous activity also correlated positively with estimated VO-sub(2max), and the moving index correlated marginally with body mass index.

KEYWORDS: Body; Exercise; Test-validity


Dupler, T. L. (1991). The effects of a weight training program on an active elderly population. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Houston.

ABSTRACT: A total of 20 active elderly subjects (mean age = 66.4 years) participated in a 12 week training program were recruited. The male subjects (n=11) saw a 65.1% increase in total maximum weight lifted while the females saw a 72.2% increase. This study demonstrated the positive effects an exercise training regimen can have on an elderly population.

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Weight training program; Elderly


Education., A. A. O. P. (1988). Physical activity and aging: Sixtieth annual meeting, Kansas City, Missouri, April 5-6, 1988. Human kinetics books for the American Academy of physical education.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Physical activity; Aging


Evans, W. J. (1995). 27 effects of exercise on body composition and functional capacity in the elderly. The Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 50, 147.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body; Body composition; Elderly


Evans, J., & le-Grange, D. (1995). Body size and parenting in eating disorders: A comparative study of the attitudes of mothers toward their children. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 18(1), 39-48.

ABSTRACT: The effects of maternal eating disorders (EDs) on mother's and offspring's body image, child feeding practices, and psychosocial development were examined by asking ten previous and /or current ED mothers and their children (mean age 8.98 yrs) and ten normal mothers and their offspring (mean age 7.8 yrs) to complete several rating scales and participate in a semistructured interview. Both groups and their children displayed similar levels of satisfaction with their body sizes and perceived their current weights and shape with a similar degree of accuracy.

KEYWORDS: Body size; Body image; Body shape


Freeman, D. (1984). Beautiful bodies. Book, , 45.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Animals; Plants; Body, human; Morphology; Physiology


Frisch, R. E. (1969). Variations in body weights and the age of the adolescent growth spurt among Latin American and Asian population, in relation to calorie supplies. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Center for Population Studies, Harvard University.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body weight


Frisch, R. E. (1969). The height and weight of adolescent boys and girls at the time of peak velocity of growth in height and weight: Longitudinal data. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Center for Population Studies, Harvard University.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Body size; Teenagers


Gerver, W. J. M., De Bruin, R., & Blanco, C. E. (1994). Body proportions of the infant. Biometrical Journal, 36(6), 759.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body; Body proportion


Guyot, G., Fairchild, L., Hill, M. (1981). Physical fitness, sport participation, body build, and self-concept of elementary school children. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 12(2).

ABSTRACT: Assessed the relationships of sport participation, body build, and self-concept in 50 boys and 68 girls in 4th-6th grade scoring below the 50th percentile and in 87 boys and 88 girls scoring above the 70th percentile on the Texas Fitness-monitor ability test. ... (abridge)

KEYWORDS: Physical fitness; Sport participation; Body build; Self concept


Hamill, P. V. V. (1972). Height and weight of children: Socioeconomic status, United States. Rockville: US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Body height; Socioeconomic factors


Hamill, P. V. V. (1972). Height and weight of children: United States. Rockville: US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Health services and Mental Health Administration.

ABSTRACT: Height and weight measurements by age, sex, race, and geographic region of the country for children 6 through 11 years of age in the US

KEYWORDS: Body size; Body weight


Hamill, P. V. V. (1973). Height and weight of youths, 12-17 years, United States. Rockville: National Center for Health Statistics.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body size


Hamill, P. V. V. (1973). Body weight, stature, and sitting height: White and Negro youths 12-17 years, United States. Rockville: National Center for Health Statistics.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body size; Body weight; Body height; Infancy and childhood


Hasumi, A. (1963). Standard tables of weight and chest measurement in school children. (2nd ed.). Tokyo: Daiichi Shuppan.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Anthropometry


Hathaway, M. L. (1957). Heights and weights of children and youth in the United States. Washington, DC: Institute of Home Economics, US Agricultural Research Service.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Body height


Hindmarch, R. G. (1962). Significance of physique, maturational, body size, strength, motor ability, and reaction time characteristics of eight year old boys. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Oregon.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body size


Jarvie, G. J., Lahey, B. B., Graziano, W., & Framer, E. (1983). Childhood obesity and social stigma: What we know and we don't know. Developmental Review, 3(3), 237-273.

ABSTRACT: The study reviews evidence for the development of social stigma associated with body build in childhood. Studies that have noted disturbances in self-concept and body image have sampled clinical populations (youngsters seeking medically supervised reduction); and those studies that have examined nonclinical populations have not found psychological difficulties.

KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Body image; Obesity; Body build


Kautz, L., & Harrison, G. G. (1981). Comparison of body proportions of one-year-old Mexican-American and Anglo children. American Journal of Public Health, 71(3), 280-282.

ABSTRACT: The body proportions of 95 Anglo and Mexican-American children, aged 48-56 weeks, in the Women, Infants and Children (WIC) Special Supplemental Food Program were determined by use of multiple anthropometric measurements. Ethnic differences define the Mexican-American child as being greater in weight-for-length than the Anglo child with greater chest and thigh circumstance.

KEYWORDS: Body type; Body measurement; Anthropometric measurements; Racial differences


Lang, M. M. (1994). Height and weight of children enrolled in two rural Ohio head start programs: A comparison to the national standards. Unpublished master's thesis, Ohio University.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Children and nutrition


Lorenzo, A. D., Andreoli, A., Sorge, R., Bonamico, M., Bedogni, G., Battistini, N., & Barra, P. F. (1995). Comparison of body weight, body height, and body fatness of Italian children aged 6-12 years with American standards. Minerva Pediatrica, 47(4), 101.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body; Body weight; Body height; Body fatness


Malina, R. M. (1983). Human growth, maturation, and regular physical activity. Acta Medica Auxologica, 15(1), 5-27.

ABSTRACT: The study examined the effects of regular physical activity (PA) on selected aspect of physical growth, biological maturation, and specific bodily tissues. Results show that regular PA has no effect either on stature in growing individuals or on biological maturation as commonly assessed in growth studies. Regular PA is a significant factor in the regulation of body weight and composition and in the growth and integrity of skeletal and muscle tissue. The role of regular PA in the development of adipose tissue cellularity is not clearly established, although regular PA does reduce fatness.

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Physical activity


Malina, R. M., Zavaleta, A. N., & Little, B. B. (1987). Body size, fatness, and leanness of Mexican-American children in Brownsville, Texas: Changes between 1972 and 1983. American Journal of Public Health, 77(5), 573-577.

ABSTRACT: Changes in the height, weight, body mass index, triceps, skinfold, and arm and estimated mid-arm muscle circumferences in lower socioeconomic Mexican-American children ages 6-17 were documented on the basis of surveys done in 1972 and 1983. With exception of height in youths ages 14-17, all parameters show gains at most ages, and an increase in fatness.

KEYWORDS: Body size; Body fat ; Anthropometric dimensions; Socioeconomic status


Mazariegos, M., Wang, Z.-m., Gallagher, D., Baumgartner, R. N., & Allison, D. B. (1994). Differences between young and old females in the five levels of body composition and their relevance to the two-compartment chemical model. Journal of Gerontology, 49(5), M201.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body


McLaughlin, W. (1983). The effects of an age-specific exercise program on aerobic capacity, body composition, body image, and exercise behavior in 42-77 year-old women. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland College Park.

ABSTRACT: The study examined the relationship between fitness level alteration and body image change, the effect of body image change on independent adherence to an exercise behavior, and the exercise protocol necessary to produce an increase in fitness levels in older women. The subjects were 42 women (42-77 years) who participated in an exercise program meeting for 1-2 hours, 3 times a week, for 8 weeks. Regression equations revealed that aerobic capacity and body composition were not significant predictors of body image and that all three of these variables were not significant predictors of exercise behavior. The study concluded that an increase in fitness level will produce an increase in personal body image.

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Body composition; Body image


McLean, F. P. (1979). The process of aging related to body cathexis and to clothing satisfaction. Dissertation Abstracts International, 39(07), 3260B, Utah State University.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body cathexis; Clothing satisfaction


Meleshi, B. (1980). Growth, maturity, body composition, and familial characteristics of competitive swimmers, 8 to 18 years of age.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Growth


Meredith, H. V. (1948). Body size in infancy and childhood: A comparative study of data from Okinawa, France, South Africa, and North America. Child Development, 19(4), 179-195.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body size; Infancy; Childhood


Meredith, H. V. (1969). Physical growth record for boys. Chicago: American Medical Association.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body size; Anthropometry; Body weight


Meredith, H. V. (1969). Physical growth record for girls. Chicago: American Medical Association.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Anthropometry; Body size


Miller, M. P. (1993). Overweight experience of the older Black woman. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Miami.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body image; Obesity


Milne, N. (1990). Sexing of human hip bones. Journal of Anatomy, 172, 221.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Hips


Min, Q. W., Downey, G. S., Perko, M. A., & Yesalis, C. E. (1993). Changes in body size of elite high school football players: 1963-1989. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 76(2), 379-383.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body; Body size


Moore, L. L., Nguyen, U.-S. D. T., Rothman, K. J., Cupples, L. A., & Ellison, R. C. (1995). Preschool physical activity level and change in body fatness in young children: The Framingham children's study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 142(9), 982.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body; Physical activity; Body fatness


Nuti, R., Martini, G., & Gennari, C. (1995). Age-related changes of whole skeleton and body composition in healthy men. Calcified Tissue International, 57(5), 336.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body; Body composition


Ochsner, A. (1976). Aging. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 24(9), 385 - 393.

ABSTRACT: Enumerates 3 principal factors that accelerate aging in the human: tobacco use, lack of exercise, and obesity. Aging is described as a natural phenomenon in both animate and inanimate objects, and it is pointed out that good maintenance of an apparatus, machine, or the human body assures long, successful function, whereas poor care and abuse cause rapid deterioration and poor function.

KEYWORDS: Aging; Exercise; Obesity


Osterback, L. (1992). Growth and development of children actively engaged in sports: A five-year follow-up in puberty. Dissertation Abstracts International, 53(02), 274C, Kuopion Yliopisto.

ABSTRACT: Subjects, consisted of physically active and passive children, 54 girls and 68 boys, and were interviewed about participation in sports, a physician's estimation of physical development of the breast, public hair and genitalia, and the volume of testes, as well as anthropometric measurements (height, weight, sitting height, sum of four skinfolds, circumference of right upper arm and thigh). It was concluded that the sexual development and bone age of the top-level athletes of both sexes was retarded and that the differences seen in height development were the result of the late onset of puberty. The differences seemed to be caused by genetic factors rather than by the effect of sports training.

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Physical activity; Puberty


Osterback, L. L. (1992). Growth and development of children actively engaged in sports: A five-year follow-up in puberty. Dissertation Abstracts International, 53(02), 274C, Kuopion Yliopisto.

ABSTRACT: Subjects, consisted of physically active and passive children, 54 girls and 68 boys, and were interviewed about participation in sports, a physician's estimation of physical development of the breast, public hair and genitalia, and the volume of testes, as well as anthropometric measurements (height, weight, sitting height, sum of four skinfolds, circumference of right upper arm and thigh). It was concluded that the sexual development and bone age of the top-level athletes of both sexes was retarded and that the differences seen in height development were the result of the late onset of puberty. The differences seemed to be caused by genetic factors rather than by the effect of sports training.

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Physical activity; Puberty


Palti, H., Strozzi, B., & Avitzour, M. (1982). Growth pattern of children in a Moslem semirural community near Jerusalem. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 36(3), 187-191.

ABSTRACT: Subjects were 404 who were weighed less Jerusalem and the National Centre of Health Statistics populations at birth and subsequently at 1, 6,12, and 24 month of age. The percentage of girls below the 10th centile was less than that of boys, suggesting that no discriminative pattern in feeding practices exists by sex. The genetic and environmental effects on growth as well as the effect of the mother and child health services on the childrearing patterns of the populations are discussed.

KEYWORDS: Body weight


Prothro, J. W., & Rosenbloom, C. A. (1995). Body measurements of Black and White elderly persons with emphasis on body composition. Gerontology, 41(1), 22.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body; Body composition; Body measurement


Raiwet, C. (1990). As long as we have health: The experience of age-related physical change for rural elderly couples. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Alberta.

ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was to understand the meaning of physical changes to a group of elderly couples living in a remote area of northern Alberta. Unstructured, open-ended face to face interviews with 11 couples were conducted. Maintaining health was the informants' goal. Informants used strategies such minimizing and altering expectations and priorities in order to match what they were able to do with what they wanted to do. If the matching was successful, people perceived themselves as healthy.

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Physical change; Elderly


Ray, G. G., Ghosh, S., & Atreya, V. (1995). An anthropometric survey of Indian school children aged 3-5 years. Applied Ergonomics, 26(1), 67-72.

ABSTRACT: 81 body dimensions were taken from 198 children (aged 3-5 yrs) to facilitate the design of school furniture, work space layout, and other components of daily life, thus minimizing biomechanical, circulatory, and visual problems. A standard Martin-type anthropometer was used. Results show that both body height and vertical dimensions and body weight and horizontal dimensions can be used to determine different body dimensions of other children of that particular age group if their stature or body weight is known.

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Physical development; Body height


Redmond, R. (1991). Effects of strength training on muscle mass and musculoskeletal injury in middle aged and older men. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland College Park.

ABSTRACT: An investigation of the effects of strength training on strength, muscle cross sectional area and injury in middle aged and older men were administered among 22 sedentary male subjects between the ages of 50 and 69 years volunteered to either a training (N=15) or control (N=7) group. These results indicate that older men can safely participate in a strength training program intense enough to promote a substantial increase in strength and muscle hypertrophy. A strength training program will allow older men to exercise at the same absolute or same relative workload after training with a reduced risk of disrupting musculoskeletal tissue.

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Training; Elderly


Reilly, J. J., Murray, L. A., Wilson, J., & Durnin, J. V. G. A. (1994). Measuring of the body composition of elderly subjects: A comparison of methods. The British Journal of Nutrition, 72(1), 33.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body; Body composition; Elderly


Roberts, J. (1983). Weight by height and age of adults, United States, 1960-1962. Washington, DC: US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Weight; Height


Roche, A. F. (1992). Growth, maturation, and body composition: The Fels longitudinal study, 1929-1991. New York: Cambridge University Press.

ABSTRACT: Bibiliographical references include; familial and genetic studies, physical growth, development and standardization of anthropometric methods, age changes in anthropometric variables, methods of growth assessment, prediction of adult stature, skeletal maturation, physical maturation and development.

KEYWORDS: Body mass; Body composition; Anthropometry


Rodriguez, G. P. (1991). A survey of statural changes with age in the adult population of the United States. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The University of Texas H.S.C., Houston.

ABSTRACT: A study of the patterns of height loss with age in the Anglo, Black, and Mexican-American populations of the US The study was based on data gathered by the US Public Health Service in the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Estimates of height loss were obtained by subtracting present stature from a calculated maximum attained height derived from sex- and race/ethnic -specific regression equations relating stature to subischial length. The most important determinants of the magnitude of height loss with age were sex and ethnicity. Anglo women have greater height losses than Anglo, Black, or Mexican-American males, and Black or Mexican-American females. Standing height, sitting height, body mass index, and the Poverty Index were found to be negatively correlated with height loss.

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Height loss


Shoup, R. (1987). Growth and aging in the Manus of Pere village, Manus province, Papua New Guinea: a mixed longitudal and secular perspective. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Texas, Austin.

ABSTRACT: The present study considers the size, physique and body composition of children, youth and adults in Pere Village, Manus Province, Papua New Guinea in 1980. Several anthropometric dimensions and somatotype data from present study are compared to reference data for the U. S., to several samples from other areas of Papua New Guinea, and to similar data collected in Pere in 1954, 1966, 1968, 1971, and 1975. ... (abridged)

KEYWORDS: Body type; Growth; Aging


Silver, A., Guillen,C., Kahl, M., & Morley, J. (1993). Effects of aging on body fat. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society., 41(3), 211.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Aging; Body; Body Fat


Slaughter, M., Christ, C., Boileau, R., & Stillman, R. (1993). Differences in the fat-free body to height relationship among young, older and mature adults. World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics, 71, 187-187.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body; Height; Age; Fat


Smith, R. J. (1968). Relationships between gross and relative strength and the maturity, physique type, body size, and motor ability elements of boys seven, nine, twelve, fifteen and seventeen years of age. Oregon, Dept. of Physical Education.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body size


Stenson, J. (1994, June). The good news about your body fat at 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70. Self, 16, 166.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body; Body fat


Stevens, J., Gautam, S. P., & Keil, J. E. (1993). Body mass index and fat patterning as correlated of lipids and hypertension in an elderly, biracial population. Journal of Gerontology, 48(6), M249-M254.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body; Body mass index; Elderly


Storey, R. W. (1941). Relationship between body measurements, body weight Wood-Baldwin tables and the Quimby weight formula. Unpublished master's thesis, Southwest Texas State University.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Stature; Teenage boys


Stravato, J. A. (1992). Physical activity patterns and body composition in young and older adults. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Rhode Island.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body; Exercise; Physiology; Physical activity


Summerfield, L. M. (1989). Resting metabolic rates in child-onset and adult-onset obese women. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland College Park.

ABSTRACT: The study investigates differences in resting metabolic rate (RMR) between obese and nonobese females and between females with adult and childhood onset obesity. Subjects were 18 healthy, Caucasian women, ages 20-38 years, 6 from each of 3 groups: nonobese with no history of obesity, child-onset obese (COO), and adult-onset obese. Subjects were administered 3 measures: RMR by indirect calorimetry, residual lung volume, and hydrostatic weighing. Results indicate that, in all groups, more of variance in RMR was explained when the variables, activity and exercise, were used in addition to the variables, FM and FFM. The effect of activity and exercise on explained variance in RMR was much smaller in COO women. Results also show that obese women, especially COO, may be more metabolically efficient than nonobese women.

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Obesity


Sun, H., & Jensen, R. (1994). Body segment growth during infancy. Journal of Biomechanics, 27(3), 265.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body; Infancy


Symposium on Size at Birth. (1974). Size at birth. New York: Elsevier.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body size; Body weight; Birth weight; Infant newborn


Thies, T. J. (1989). Estimation of body density using girth and diameter measurements in an obese female population. Unpublished master's thesis, Kearney State University.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Anthropometry



Thogersen, B. (1981). Development of regression equations for predicting body density, percent body fat, and lean body mass in prepubescent females age 7-11. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Wisconsin, La Crosse.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body mass; Body composition


Watanabe, S., Shibata, H., & Yasumura, S. (1995). Longitudinal changes for fifteen years in physical build and body composition of city elderly people. Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi, 50(1), 8-18.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body build; Body composition; Elderly people


White, D. R., Mauro, K., & Spindler, J. (1985). Development of body type salience: Implications for early childhood educators; Special issue: Early childhood education. International Review of Applied Psychology, 34(4), 433-442.

ABSTRACT: The study assessed developmental changes in the degree to which 211 3-12 year olds organized information on the basis of body weight when alternative dimensions for categorization were available. Some subjects (186) also received an affiliative-preference measure. Data are consistent with the idea that preschoolers are cognitively primed to notice differences in body weight type and to use body weight as a dimension to categorize peers.

KEYWORDS: Body weight; Body type


Zamboni, M., Armellini, F., Milani, M., De Marchi, M., & Todesco, T. (1992). Body fat distribution in pre- and post- menopausal women: metabolic and anthropometric variables and their interrelationships. International journal of obesity, 16(7), 495.

ABSTRACT: (None)

KEYWORDS: Body fat; Pre- & post-menopausal women